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The Four Old Men

Species: Betula pubescens, Downy Birch


The Four Old Men are a set of particularly fine old Downy Birches, found on Horspath Common near the edge of Shotover Country Park. Whilst old birches can be found across the park, these specimens are notable for their especially gnarled appearance and butressed trunks. Added interest is provided by a variety of mosses and other small plants that grow on their trunks and branches.

Although small, mosses and liverworts are an important part of the ecosystems in which they grow, and can be home to an array of microscopic animals, so a well-mossed tree can be regarded as an important habitat in its own right.

Jacqueline Wright is a local bryologist (moss and liverwort specialist) who recently clambered up a ladder to investigate the minute plants growing on the “Four Old Men”. The following are some of the species she found:


Old Man - Number 1

Brachythecium velutinum - rough stalked feather moss
Dicranoweisia cirrata - common pincushion
Hypnum cupressiforme - cypress leaved plait moss
Hypnum resupinatum - supine plait moss
Kindbergia praelonga - common feather moss
Lophocolea heterophylla (liverwort) variable crestwort
Orthotrichum affine - wood bristle moss
Orthotrichum diaphanum - white tipped brist$e moss
Ulota crispa - crisped pincushion


Old Man - Number 2

Bryum capillare - capillary thread moss
Dicranoweisia cirrata - common pincushion
Hypnum cupressiforme - cypress leaved plait moss
Kindbergia praelonga - common feather moss
Lophocolea heterophylla (liverwort) variable crestwort
Orthotrichum affine - wood bristle moss
Rhynchostegium confertum - clustered feather moss


Old Man - Number 3

Brachythecium rutabulum – rough-stalked feather-moss
Hypnum cupressiforme - cypress leaved plait moss
Kindbergia praelonga - common feather moss


Old Man - Number 4

Aulacomnium androgynum - bud headed groove moss
Cephalozia bicuspidata (liverwort) two horned pincerwort
Dicranoweisia cirrata - common pincushion
Hypnum cupressiforme - cypress leaved plait moss
Hypnum resupinatum - supine plait moss
Kindbergia praelonga - common feather moss
Lophocolea bidentata (liverwort) bifid crestwort
Lophocolea heterophylla (liverwort) variable crestwort
Orthotrichum affine - wood bristle moss
Orthotrichum diaphanum- white tipped bristle moss


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